编辑

通过

New-VM

Module:
Hyper-V Module

Creates a new virtual machine.

Syntax

No VHD (Default) 

New-VM
    [[-Name] <String>]
    [[-MemoryStartupBytes] <Int64>]
    [[-Generation] <Int16>]
    [-BootDevice <BootDevice>]
    [-NoVHD]
    [-SwitchName <String>]
    [-Path <String>]
    [-SourceGuestStatePath <String>]
    [-Version <Version>]
    [-Prerelease]
    [-Experimental]
    [-GuestStateIsolationType <GuestIsolationType>]
    [-Force]
    [-AsJob]
    [-CimSession <CimSession[]>]
    [-ComputerName <String[]>]
    [-Credential <PSCredential[]>]
    [-WhatIf]
    [-Confirm]
    [<CommonParameters>]

New VHD 

New-VM
    [[-Name] <String>]
    [[-MemoryStartupBytes] <Int64>]
    [[-Generation] <Int16>]
    -NewVHDPath <String>
    -NewVHDSizeBytes <UInt64>
    [-BootDevice <BootDevice>]
    [-SwitchName <String>]
    [-Path <String>]
    [-SourceGuestStatePath <String>]
    [-Version <Version>]
    [-Prerelease]
    [-Experimental]
    [-GuestStateIsolationType <GuestIsolationType>]
    [-Force]
    [-AsJob]
    [-CimSession <CimSession[]>]
    [-ComputerName <String[]>]
    [-Credential <PSCredential[]>]
    [-WhatIf]
    [-Confirm]
    [<CommonParameters>]

Existing VHD 

New-VM
    [[-Name] <String>]
    [[-MemoryStartupBytes] <Int64>]
    [[-Generation] <Int16>]
    -VHDPath <String>
    [-BootDevice <BootDevice>]
    [-SwitchName <String>]
    [-Path <String>]
    [-SourceGuestStatePath <String>]
    [-Version <Version>]
    [-Prerelease]
    [-Experimental]
    [-GuestStateIsolationType <GuestIsolationType>]
    [-Force]
    [-AsJob]
    [-CimSession <CimSession[]>]
    [-ComputerName <String[]>]
    [-Credential <PSCredential[]>]
    [-WhatIf]
    [-Confirm]
    [<CommonParameters>]

Description

The New-VM cmdlet creates a new virtual machine.

Examples

Example 1

New-VM -Name "VM01" -MemoryStartupBytes 512MB

This example creates a new virtual machine named VM01 that has 512 MB of memory.

Example 2

New-VM -Name "VM01" -MemoryStartupBytes 1GB -NewVHDPath D:\vhd\base.vhdx -NewVHDSizeBytes 40GB

This example creates a virtual machine named VM01 that has 1 GB of memory and that is connected to a new 40 GB virtual hard disk that uses the VHDX format.

Example 3

New-VM -Name "VM01" -MemoryStartupBytes 1GB -VHDPath D:\vhd\BaseImage.vhdx

This example creates a virtual machine named VM01 that has 1 GB of memory and connects it to an existing virtual hard disk that uses the VHDX format.

Example 4

New-VM -Name "VM01" -MemoryStartupBytes 2GB -Credential (Get-Credential) -ComputerName HostServer01

This example asks for credentials, then creates a virtual machine named VM01, which has 2 GB of memory, on the server named HostServer01.

Example 5

New-VM -Name "VM01" -Generation 1 -BootDevice CD -NoVHD

This example creates a virtual machine named VM01. The machine doesn't have any VHD disks and is set to boot from a CD.

Example 6

$oldVM = Get-VM "PreviousVM"
$memory = (Get-VMMemory -VMName $oldVM.name).Startup
$switch = (Get-VMNetworkAdapter -VMName $oldVM.name).SwitchName
New-VM -Name "VM01" -Generation $oldVM.Generation -MemoryStartupBytes $memory -SwitchName $switch

This example creates a virtual machine named VM01. The machine has the same generation and amount of assigned memory as the existing machine named PreviousVM and connects to the same network switch.

Parameters

-AsJob

Runs the cmdlet as a background job.

Parameter properties

Type:SwitchParameter
Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:Named
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-BootDevice

Specifies the device to use as the boot device for the new virtual machine. Acceptable values are:

  • CD
  • Floppy
  • LegacyNetworkAdapter
  • IDE
  • NetworkAdapter
  • VHD

When LegacyNetworkAdapter is specified, this configures the new virtual machine with a network adapter that can be used to perform a PXE boot and install a 32-bit operating system from a network installation server.

Generation 2 virtual machines do not support Floppy, LegacyNetworkAdapter or IDE. Using these values with a Generation 2 virtual machine will cause an error.

VHD and NetworkAdapter are new to Generation 2 virtual machines. If you specify them on a Generation 1 virtual machine, then they are interpreted to be IDE and LegacyNetworkAdapter respectively.

Parameter properties

Type:BootDevice
Default value:None
Accepted values:Floppy, CD, IDE, LegacyNetworkAdapter, NetworkAdapter, VHD
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:Named
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-CimSession

Runs the cmdlet in a remote session or on a remote computer. Enter a computer name or a session object, such as the output of a New-CimSession or Get-CimSession cmdlet. The default is the current session on the local computer.

Parameter properties

Type:

CimSession[]

Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:Named
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-ComputerName

Specifies one or more Hyper-V hosts on which the virtual machine is to be created. NetBIOS names, IP addresses, and fully qualified ___domain names are allowable. The default is the local computer. Use localhost or a dot (.) to specify the local computer explicitly.

Parameter properties

Type:

String[]

Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:Named
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-Confirm

Prompts you for confirmation before running the cmdlet.

Parameter properties

Type:SwitchParameter
Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False
Aliases:cf

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:Named
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-Credential

Specifies one or more user accounts that have permission to perform this action. The default is the current user.

Parameter properties

Type:

PSCredential[]

Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:Named
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-Experimental

Specific prerelease VM version 255.0. This parameter is used to experiment with new VM functionality, but this is not supported and may fail across updates. This VM version is not supported in release host builds, meaning you can only use this on pre-release host builds (Windows Insider program).

Parameter properties

Type:SwitchParameter
Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:Named
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-Force

Forces the command to run without asking for user confirmation.

Parameter properties

Type:SwitchParameter
Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:Named
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-Generation

Specifies the generation, as an integer, for the virtual machine. Acceptable values are:

  • 1
  • 2

Parameter properties

Type:Int16
Default value:None
Accepted values:1, 2
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:2
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-GuestStateIsolationType

Specifies the level of isolation for the virtual machine being created. Acceptable values are:

  • TrustedLaunch: Enables guest state isolation and Trusted Launch security features for the virtual machine.
  • VBS: Enables Virtualization Based Security (VBS) isolation for the virtual machine.
  • SNP: Enables AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization-Secure Nested Paging (SEV-SNP) isolation for the virtual machine.
  • TDX: Enables Intel Trust Domain Extensions (TDX) isolation for the virtual machine.
  • Disabled: Disables all guest state isolation features for the virtual machine.

Parameter properties

Type:GuestIsolationType
Default value:None
Accepted values:TrustedLaunch, VBS, SNP, TDX, Disabled
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:Named
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-MemoryStartupBytes

Specifies the amount of memory, in bytes, to assign to the virtual machine. The default value is 512 MB.

Parameter properties

Type:Int64
Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:1
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-Name

Specifies the name of the new virtual machine. The default name is New virtual machine.

Parameter properties

Type:String
Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False
Aliases:VMName

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:0
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:True
Value from pipeline by property name:True
Value from remaining arguments:False

-NewVHDPath

Creates a new virtual hard disk with the specified path and connects it to the new virtual machine. Absolute paths are allowed. If only a file name is specified, the virtual hard disk is created in the default path configured for the host.

Parameter properties

Type:String
Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

New VHD
Position:Named
Mandatory:True
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-NewVHDSizeBytes

Specifies the size of the dynamic virtual hard disk that is created and attached to the new virtual machine.

Parameter properties

Type:UInt64
Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

New VHD
Position:Named
Mandatory:True
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-NoVHD

Creates a virtual machine without attaching any virtual hard disks.

Parameter properties

Type:SwitchParameter
Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

No VHD
Position:Named
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-Path

Specifies the directory to store the files for the new virtual machine.

Parameter properties

Type:String
Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:Named
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-Prerelease

Specific prerelease VM version 254.0. This parameter is used to experiment with new VM functionality, but this is not supported and may fail across updates. This VM version is not supported in release host builds, meaning you can only use this on pre-release host builds (Windows Insider program).

Parameter properties

Type:SwitchParameter
Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:Named
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-SourceGuestStatePath

Specifies the path to the guest state file for the virtual machine being created. Specifying the guest state path allows for creation of a new virtual machine that has the same configuration and state as the existing virtual machine.

Parameter properties

Type:String
Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:Named
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-SwitchName

Specifies the friendly name of the virtual switch if you want to connect the new virtual machine to an existing virtual switch to provide connectivity to a network. Hyper-V automatically creates a virtual machine with one virtual network adapter, but connecting it to a virtual switch is optional.

Parameter properties

Type:String
Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:Named
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-Version

Specifies the version during the VM creation process. See, Get-VMHostSupportedVersion for supported VM versions on a given host.

Parameter properties

Type:Version
Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:Named
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-VHDPath

Specifies the path to a virtual hard disk file.

Parameter properties

Type:String
Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False

Parameter sets

Existing VHD
Position:Named
Mandatory:True
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

-WhatIf

Shows what would happen if the cmdlet runs. The cmdlet is not run.

Parameter properties

Type:SwitchParameter
Default value:None
Supports wildcards:False
DontShow:False
Aliases:wi

Parameter sets

(All)
Position:Named
Mandatory:False
Value from pipeline:False
Value from pipeline by property name:False
Value from remaining arguments:False

CommonParameters

This cmdlet supports the common parameters: -Debug, -ErrorAction, -ErrorVariable, -InformationAction, -InformationVariable, -OutBuffer, -OutVariable, -PipelineVariable, -ProgressAction, -Verbose, -WarningAction, and -WarningVariable. For more information, see about_CommonParameters.

Inputs

String

Outputs

Microsoft.HyperV.PowerShell.VirtualMachine