You can perform rolling upgrades of databases by using Active Oracle Data Guard, or by using Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control.

The DBMS_ROLLING PL/SQL package enables you to upgrade the database software in an Oracle Data Guard configuration in a rolling fashion. Rolling upgrades using Active Data Guard uses an Oracle Data Guard physical standby database and the SQL Apply process. Using Data Guard for rolling upgrades is supported for Oracle Database 12c release 1 (12.1) and later Oracle Database releases.

With Oracle Database 12c release 2 (12.2) and later releases, when you perform a rolling upgrade using the DBMS_ROLLING PL/SQL package, you no longer need to disable the broker. In addition, the broker now reports when a rolling upgrade is in place, and tracks its status. The status information is displayed in the output of the DGMGRL commands SHOW CONFIGURATION and SHOW DATABASE.

Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control provides options to perform a rolling upgrade of databases in an Oracle Data Guard configuration. The procedures are described in online help within Cloud Control.

If you perform a rolling upgrade using a transient logical standby database (including using DBMS_ROLLING), then you must manually load audit records from the operating system spillover ___location before the switchover. Before you run DBMS_ROLLING.SWITCHOVER, run DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT.LOAD_UNIFIED_AUDIT_FILES on the trailing group master (current primary database).