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Contents

List of Tables

Title and Copyright Information

Preface

• Audience
• Documentation Accessibility
• Related Documents
• Conventions

Changes in This Release for Oracle Database 2 Day + Real Application Clusters Guide

• Changes in Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1)
  • New Features
  • Desupported Features

1 Introduction to Deploying a Real Application Clusters Environment

• About the 2 Day + Real Application Clusters Guide
  • What This Guide Is Not
  • Related Materials
  • Overview of Oracle RAC Documentation
    • Useful Oracle RAC Guides
    • Other Useful Oracle Documentation
• About Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster and Oracle RAC
• About Oracle Automatic Storage Management
  • About Using Oracle ASM Disk Groups with Oracle RAC
  • Benefits of Using Oracle ASM
  • About Oracle ACFS
  • About Oracle ASM Running in an Oracle RAC Environment
• About Oracle Real Application Clusters
  • About Oracle RAC One Node
  • About Oracle Multitenant with Oracle RAC
  • About Installing Oracle RAC on Different Operating Systems
• Tools for Installing, Configuring, and Managing Oracle RAC

2 Preparing Your Cluster

• Verifying System Requirements
  • Checking Operating System Certifications
  • About Hardware Requirements
  • About Shared Storage
  • About Network Hardware Requirements
  • About IP Address Requirements
  • Verifying Operating System and Software Requirements
    • About Operating System and Software Requirements
    • About Installation Fixup Scripts
    • Checking the Current Operating System Configuration
• Preparing the Server
  • About Operating System Users and Groups
    • Required Operating System Users and Groups
    • Separate Operating System Users and Groups for Oracle Software Installations on UNIX and Linux Systems
    • Separate Operating System Users and Groups for Oracle Software Installations on Windows Systems
    • Optional Operating System Users and Groups
  • Configuring Operating System Users and Groups on Linux Systems
  • Configuring Secure Shell on Linux Systems
  • About Configuring the Software Owner's Shell Environment on Linux Systems
• Configuring the Network
  • Verifying the Network Configuration
• Preparing the Operating System and Software
  • About Setting the Time on All Nodes
  • About Configuring Kernel Parameters
  • About Performing Platform-Specific Configuration Tasks
• Configuring Installation Directories and Shared Storage
  • About the Oracle Inventory Directory
  • Locating the Oracle Inventory Directory
  • Creating the Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster Home Directory
  • Creating the Oracle Base Directory
  • About the Oracle Home Directory
  • Configuring Shared Storage
  • Configuring Files on an NAS Device for Use with Oracle ASM
  • Using ASMLIB to Mark the Shared Disks as Candidate Disks
    • Installing ASMLIB
    • Configuring ASMLIB
    • Using ASMLIB to Create Oracle ASM Disks
  • Configuring Disk Device Persistence

3 Installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure

• Using Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control for Provisioning Operations
• Preparing to Install the Oracle Software
• Verifying My Oracle Support Credentials
• Installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster
  • Configuring the Operating System Environment
  • About Cluster Verification Utility Fixup Scripts on Linux and UNIX
  • Using Oracle Universal Installer to Install the Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster
  • Completing the Oracle Clusterware Configuration
• Installing the Oracle Database Software and Creating a Database
  • Configuring the Operating System Environment
  • Creating Additional Oracle ASM Disk Groups
  • Using Oracle Universal Installer to Install Oracle RAC Software
  • Verifying Your Oracle RAC Database Installation
• Performing Postinstallation Tasks
  • About Verifying the Oracle Clusterware Installation
  • Creating an Oracle RAC Database Using DBCA
  • Backing Up Installation Files
    • About Backing Up the root.sh Script
    • About Backing Up the emkey.ora File
  • Verifying Oracle Enterprise Manager Operations
  • About Downloading and Installing Oracle Database Patches
  • About Configuring User Accounts
• About Converting an Oracle Database to an Oracle RAC Database
  • About Preparing for Database Conversion
  • Overview of the Database Conversion Process Using Cloud Control
  • Overview of the Database Conversion Process Using rconfig
  • Converting an Oracle RAC Database into an Oracle RAC One Node Database

4 Administering Database Instances and Cluster Databases

• About Oracle Real Application Clusters Database Management
• About Oracle RAC One Node Database Management
• About Oracle RAC Management Using Enterprise Manager
• Starting and Stopping Oracle RAC Databases and Database Instances
• Managing Oracle Real Application Clusters Initialization Parameters
  • About Configuring Initialization Parameters for an Oracle RAC Database
    • Parameters that Must Have Identical Settings on All Instances
    • Parameters That Have Unique Settings on All Instances
    • Parameters That Should Have Identical Settings on All Instances
    • About Modifying the SERVICE_NAMES Parameter for Oracle RAC
  • About the Server Parameter File for Oracle Real Application Clusters
  • Editing Initialization Parameter Settings for an Oracle RAC Database
    • Modifying the Initialization Parameter for Oracle RAC Using the Current Tab in Oracle Enterprise Manager
    • Modifying the Initialization Parameter for Oracle RAC Using the SPFile Tab in Oracle Enterprise Manager
    • Example: Modifying the OPEN_CURSORS Parameter
• About Administering Storage in Oracle RAC
  • About Automatic Undo Management in Oracle RAC
  • Oracle Automatic Storage Management in Oracle RAC
    • About Oracle ASM Components in Oracle RAC
    • About Disk Group Configurations for Oracle ASM in Oracle RAC
    • About Standalone Oracle ASM Disk Group Management
    • About Oracle ASM Instance and Disk Group Management
  • Administering Redo Logs in Oracle RAC
    • About Redo Log Groups and Redo Threads in Oracle RAC Databases
    • About Accessing Redo Log Files for an Oracle RAC Database
    • Using Enterprise Manager to View and Create Online Redo Log Files

5 Administering Oracle Clusterware Components

• About Oracle Clusterware
  • About the Voting Disks
  • About Oracle Cluster Registry
  • About High Availability of Oracle Clusterware Files
• Managing the Oracle Clusterware Stack
  • Starting Oracle Clusterware
  • Stopping Oracle Clusterware
• Administering Voting Disks for Oracle Clusterware
  • Adding and Removing Voting Disks
  • Backing Up and Recovering Voting Disks
    • Backing Up Voting Disks
    • Replacing Voting Disks
    • Restoring Voting Disks
  • Migrating Voting Disks to Oracle ASM Storage
• Backing Up and Recovering the Oracle Cluster Registry
  • Viewing Available OCR Backups
  • Manually Backing Up the OCR
  • Recovering the OCR
    • Checking the Status of the OCR
    • Restoring the OCR from Automatically Generated OCR Backups
• Changing the Oracle Cluster Registry Configuration
  • Adding an OCR Location
  • Migrating the OCR to Oracle ASM Storage
  • Replacing an OCR
  • Removing an OCR
  • Repairing an OCR Configuration on a Local Node
• Troubleshooting the Oracle Cluster Registry
  • About the OCRCHECK Utility
  • Common Oracle Cluster Registry Problems and Solutions

6 Client High Availability with Services, FAN, FCF, and Application Continuity

• About Continuous Service Availability with Database Services
  • About Oracle Services
    • About Service Failover in Administrator-Managed Databases
    • About Service Failover in Policy-Managed Databases
    • About Automatic Starting of Services
  • About the Database Resource Manager
  • About Oracle RAC High Availability Framework
  • About Fast Application Notification (FAN)
  • About FAN Callouts
  • About Using Transaction Guard for Improving Client Failover
  • About Application Continuity for Masking Outages
    • Preparing to Use Application Continuity
    • Using Application Continuity for Planned Outages
  • About the Load Balancing Advisory
  • About Connection Load Balancing
    • About Client-Side Load Balancing
    • About Server-Side Load Balancing
  • About Run-time Connection Load Balancing
• Creating Services
  • Creating Services Using Enterprise Manager
  • Creating Services Using SRVCTL
• Administering Services
  • About Service Administration Using Enterprise Manager
  • Using the Cluster Managed Database Services Page
  • Verifying Oracle Net Supports Newly Created Services
• Configuring Clients for High Availability
  • Configuring Oracle Net Services Parameters For Highly Available Connections
  • Configuring JDBC Clients for High Availability
    • Configuring JDBC Clients for Fast Connection Failover
    • Configuring Simple FAN for JDBC Thin Driver Non-Pooled Clients
    • Configuring JDBC Clients for Application Continuity for Java
    • Configuring JDBC-Thin Clients to Use Transaction Guard
  • Configuring OCI Clients for High Availability
    • Configuring OCI Clients to Receive FAN Notifications
    • Configuring OCI Clients to use Transaction Guard
  • Configuring ODP.NET Clients for High Availability
    • Configuring ODP.NET Clients to Receive FAN Notifications
    • About ODP.NET Clients and Using Transaction Guard

7 Administering Backup and Recovery

• Overview of Oracle RAC Database Backup and Recovery
• About the Fast Recovery Area in Oracle RAC
• Archiving the Oracle Real Application Clusters Database Redo Logs
  • About Archived Redo Log Files for an Oracle RAC Database
  • About Parallelism and Backups Across Multiple RMAN Channels
  • Configuring Archiving for Your Oracle RAC Database
• About Preparing for Backup and Recovery Operations
  • About Credentials for Performing Backup and Recovery
  • About Configuring Backup Settings
• Performing Backups of Your Oracle Real Application Clusters Database
  • Backing Up Archived Redo Log Files
• Recovering Your Oracle Real Application Clusters Database
  • About Preparing to Restore and Recover Your Oracle RAC Database
    • About Configuring Access to the Archive Log
    • About Putting the Oracle RAC Database Instances into the Correct State
  • About Restoring Archived Redo Log File Files
  • About Performing Recovery Using Parallelism
  • Recovering the Oracle RAC Database Using Enterprise Manager
  • Recovering the Server Parameter File from an Automatic File Backup
• About Managing Your Database Backup Files
• Displaying Backup Reports for Your Oracle Real Application Clusters Database

8 Monitoring Performance and Troubleshooting

• Monitoring Oracle RAC Database and Cluster Performance
  • About Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor and Oracle RAC Performance
  • Viewing ADDM for Oracle RAC Findings
  • Using the Cluster Database Performance Page
    • About the Global Cache Block Access Latency Chart
    • Viewing the Chart for Global Cache Block Access Latency
    • Viewing the Chart for Cluster Host Load Average
    • Viewing the Chart for Average Active Sessions
    • Viewing the Database Throughput Chart
    • Viewing the Services Chart
    • Viewing the Active Sessions by Instance Chart
• Viewing Other Performance Related Charts
  • Accessing the Cluster Cache Coherency Page
  • Accessing the Top Consumers Page
  • Accessing the Top Sessions Page
  • Accessing the Top Activity Page
  • Accessing the Instance Activity Page
  • Accessing the Top Segments Page
  • Accessing the Database Locks Page
• Viewing the Cluster Database Topology
• Monitoring Oracle Clusterware
  • Accessing the Oracle Clusterware Information
  • Reviewing the Oracle Clusterware Home Page
  • Viewing the Cluster Performance Page
  • Viewing the Cluster Targets Page
  • Viewing the Cluster Administration Page
  • About the Cluster Interconnects Page
  • Viewing the Cluster Topology Page
• Troubleshooting Configuration Problems in Oracle RAC Environments
  • Using CRSCTL to Diagnose Cluster Issues
    • About the Oracle Clusterware Alert Log
    • About the Oracle Clusterware Component Log Files
    • Checking the Status of the Oracle Clusterware Installation
    • Running the Oracle Clusterware Diagnostics Collection Script
    • Enabling Debugging of Oracle Clusterware Components
    • Enabling Debugging for an Oracle Clusterware Resource
    • Enabling Oracle Clusterware Daemons
    • Disabling Oracle Clusterware Daemons
  • Using the Cluster Verification Utility to Diagnose Problems
    • Verifying the Existence of Node Applications
    • Verifying the Integrity of Oracle Clusterware Components
    • Verifying the Integrity of the Oracle Cluster Registry
    • Verifying the Integrity of Your Entire Cluster
    • Checking the Settings for the Interconnect
    • Enabling Tracing
  • Viewing Oracle RAC Database Alerts
  • Viewing Oracle RAC Database Alert Log Messages

9 Adding and Deleting Nodes and Instances

• Preparing the New Node
• Verifying the New Node Meets the Prerequisites for Installation
• Extending the Oracle Grid Infrastructure Home to the New Node
• Extending the Oracle RAC Home Directory
• Adding the New Node to the Cluster using Enterprise Manager
• Creating an Instance on the New Node
  • Adding a New Instance for a Policy-Managed Database
  • Adding a New Instance for an Administrator-Managed Database
• Deleting an Instance From the Cluster Database
  • Deleting an Instance From a Policy-Managed Database
  • Deleting an Instance From an Administrator-Managed Database
• Removing a Node From the Cluster

10 Managing Oracle Software and Applying Patches

• About Patches and Patch Sets
• Using Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control for Patching Operations
• Obtaining the Patch
• Preparing to Use OPatch
  • Checking the ORACLE_HOME Environment Variable
  • Performing a Backup Before Patching Software
  • Staging the Patch on Each Node
  • Updating the PATH Environment Variable
  • Configuring SSH User Equivalency
    • Testing SSH User Equivalency
    • Enabling SSH User Equivalency
• Applying Patches
  • Patching the Grid Home
  • All Node Patching
  • Rolling Patching
  • Minimum Downtime Patching
• Applying Patch Sets
• Troubleshooting Patch Deployment
  • Updating the Node List for OPatch
  • About OPatch Log and Trace Files
  • Resolving the "Not a valid patch area" Error
  • Resolving the "Unable to remove a partially installed interim patch" Error
• Upgrading the Oracle Software

Glossary

Index