The SDO_GEOM.VALIDATE_GEOMETRY_WITH_CONTEXT and SDO_GEOM.VALIDATE_LAYER_WITH_CONTEXT subprograms can validate two-dimensional and three-dimensional geometries. For a three-dimensional geometry, these subprograms perform any necessary checks on any two-dimensional geometries (see the Usage Notes for SDO_GEOM.VALIDATE_GEOMETRY_WITH_CONTEXT) within the overall three-dimensional geometry, but also several checks specific to the three-dimensional nature of the overall object.
For a simple solid (one outer surface and any number of inner surfaces), these subprograms perform the following checks:
Closedness: The solid must be closed.
Reachability: Each face of a solid must have a full-edge intersection with its neighboring faces, and all faces must be reachable from any face. (However, inner shells are ignored, because inner shells can, by definition, be not connected to the other shells.)
Inner-outer disjointedness: An inner surface must not intersect the outer surface at more than a point or a line; that is, there must be no overlapping areas with inner surfaces.
No surface patch: No additional surfaces can be defined on the surfaces that make up the solid.
Orientation: For all surfaces, the vertices must be aligned so that the normal vector (or surface normal, or "the normal") points to the outside of (away from) the outer solid. Thus, the volume of the outer solid must be greater than zero, and the volume of any inner solid must be less than zero.
For a composite solid (one or more solids connected to each other), these subprograms perform the following checks:
Connectedness: All solids of a composite solid must share at least one face.
Zero-volume intersections: Any intersections of the solids in a composite solid must have a volume of zero.
For a multisolid (one or more solids, each of which is a simple or composite solid), these subprograms perform the following check:
Disjointedness: Any two solids of a multisolid can share points or lines, but must not intersect in any other manner.