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Contents
Title and Copyright Information
Preface
Audience
Documentation Accessibility
Related Documentation
Conventions
Changes in This Release for Oracle Database 2 Day DBA
Changes in Oracle Database 12
c
Release 1 (12.1.0.2)
New Features
Changes in Oracle Database 12
c
Release 1 (12.1.0.1)
New Features
1
Introduction
1.1
About This Guide
1.1.1
What This Guide Is Not
1.1.2
How to Use This Guide with Related Material
1.2
About Oracle Database
1.3
Common Oracle DBA Tasks
1.4
Tools for Administering the Database
2
Installing Oracle Database and Creating a Database
2.1
Overview of Installing Oracle Database Software and Creating a Database
2.1.1
Checking Oracle Database Installation Prerequisites
2.1.2
Deciding on Oracle Database Installation Choices
2.1.2.1
Install Option for Oracle Database
2.1.2.2
Installation Method for Oracle Database
2.1.2.3
Installation Type for Oracle Database
2.1.2.4
Software Installation Directories for Oracle Database
2.1.2.5
Database File Location for Oracle Database
2.1.2.6
Database Identifiers for Oracle Database
2.1.2.7
About Advanced Installation for Oracle Database
2.2
Installing Oracle Database Software
2.3
Creating and Managing a Database with DBCA
2.3.1
Starting DBCA
2.3.2
Creating a Database Using DBCA
2.3.2.1
DBCA Creation Mode Window
2.3.2.2
DBCA Database Template Window
2.3.2.3
DBCA Database Identification Window
2.3.2.4
DBCA Management Options Window
2.3.2.5
DBCA Database Credentials Window
2.3.2.6
DBCA Network Configuration Window
2.3.2.7
DBCA Storage Locations Window
2.3.2.8
DBCA Database Options Window
2.3.2.9
DBCA Initialization Parameters Window
2.3.2.9.1
Memory
2.3.2.9.2
Sizing
2.3.2.9.3
Character Sets
2.3.2.9.4
Connection Mode
2.3.2.10
DBCA Creation Options Window
2.3.2.11
DBCA Prerequisite Steps Window
2.3.2.12
DBCA Summary Window
2.3.2.13
DBCA Progress Window
2.3.3
Changing the Configuration of a Database Using DBCA
2.3.4
Deleting a Database Using DBCA
2.3.5
Managing Templates with DBCA
2.3.5.1
Advantages of Using DBCA Templates
2.3.5.2
Types of DBCA Templates
2.3.5.3
DBCA Templates Provided by Oracle
2.3.5.4
Creating Templates Using DBCA
2.3.5.5
Deleting DBCA Templates
2.3.6
Using DBCA to Manage PDBs
2.3.6.1
Managing PDBs in a CDB using DBCA
2.4
Manually Installing the Database Sample Schemas Post-Installation
2.5
Installation: Oracle By Example Series
3
Getting Started with Database Administration
3.1
Managing Your Database: An Overview
3.2
Configuring the Operating System Environment Variables
3.3
Introduction to Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Express
3.4
Starting EM Express
3.4.1
Starting EM Express for a Non-CDB
3.4.2
Starting EM Express for a CDB
3.4.3
Starting EM Express for a PDB
3.5
Configuring the HTTPS Port for EM Express
3.6
Accessing the Database Home Page
3.7
Granting Access to EM Express for Nonadministrative Users
3.8
Administering the Database with SQL-Based Management Tools
3.8.1
About SQL
3.8.2
About SQL*Plus
3.8.3
Starting SQL*Plus and Connecting to the Database
3.8.4
About SQL Developer
3.9
Getting Started with Oracle Enterprise Manager: Oracle by Example Series
4
Configuring the Network Environment
4.1
Understanding Network Configuration
4.1.1
Oracle Net Listener Configuration
4.1.2
Client Connections
4.1.3
Tools for Network Configuration
4.2
Viewing Listener Configuration
4.3
Starting and Stopping the Listener
4.4
Connecting to an Oracle Database from a Client Computer
4.5
Networking: Oracle by Example Series
5
Managing the Oracle Instance
5.1
Overview of the Oracle Instance and Instance Management
5.1.1
About Initialization Parameters
5.1.2
About Background Processes
5.1.3
About Server and Client Processes
5.1.4
About Instance Memory Structures
5.1.4.1
System Global Area
5.1.4.2
Program Global Area
5.1.5
About Instance Startup and Shutdown
5.1.5.1
About Administration Privileges for Startup and Shutdown
5.1.5.2
About Instance Startup
5.1.5.3
About Instance Shutdown
5.2
Shutting Down and Starting Up the Oracle Instance
5.2.1
Shutting Down and Starting Up Using SQL*Plus
5.2.2
Shutting Down and Starting Up Using the Windows Services Program
5.3
Viewing and Modifying Initialization Parameters
5.4
Managing Memory
5.4.1
About Memory Management
5.4.2
Enabling Automatic Memory Management
5.4.3
Modifying Memory Settings – Automatic Memory Management
5.4.4
Enabling Automatic Shared Memory Management
5.4.5
Modifying Memory Settings – Automatic Shared Memory Management
5.4.6
Enabling Manual Shared Memory Management
5.4.7
Modifying Memory Settings - Manual Shared Memory Management
5.4.8
Modifying Memory Settings – Automatic PGA Memory Management
5.5
Instances: Oracle By Example Series
6
Managing Database Storage Structures
6.1
About Database Storage Structures
6.1.1
About Control Files
6.1.2
About Online Redo Log Files
6.1.3
About Archived Redo Log Files
6.1.4
About Rollback Segments
6.1.5
About Data Files
6.1.6
About Tablespaces
6.1.6.1
Locally Managed Tablespaces
6.1.6.2
Tablespace Types
6.1.6.3
Tablespace Status
6.1.6.4
Autoextend Tablespace
6.1.6.5
Encrypted Tablespaces
6.1.7
About Other Storage Structures
6.2
Viewing Database Storage Structure Information
6.2.1
Viewing Control File Information
6.2.2
Viewing Online Redo Log File Information
6.2.3
Viewing Archived Redo Log File Information
6.2.4
Viewing Tablespace and Data File Information
6.3
Performing Common Database Storage Tasks
6.3.1
Creating a Tablespace
6.3.2
Modifying a Tablespace
6.3.2.1
Setting a Tablespace to Automatically Extend
6.3.2.2
Setting the Datafile for a Smallfile Tablespace to Automatically Extend
6.3.2.3
Taking a Tablespace Offline
6.3.3
Dropping a Tablespace
6.4
Managing the Online Redo Log
6.4.1
Multiplexing the Online Redo Log
6.4.2
Switching a Log File
6.5
Managing Undo Data
6.5.1
About Undo Data
6.5.2
About Managing Undo Data
6.5.3
Viewing Undo Information
6.5.4
Computing the Minimum Undo Tablespace Size Using the Undo Advisor
6.5.5
Changing the Undo Tablespace to a Fixed Size
6.5.6
Changing the Datafiles for an Undo Tablespace to a Fixed Size
6.5.7
Changing Undo Management Analysis Parameters
6.5.8
Switching Undo Tablespaces
6.6
Storage: Oracle by Example Series
7
Administering User Accounts and Security
7.1
About User Accounts
7.1.1
About Commonality in a CDB
7.1.1.1
Common Users in a CDB
7.1.1.2
Local Users in a CDB
7.2
About User Privileges and Roles
7.2.1
About Common and Local Roles in a CDB
7.2.1.1
Common Roles in a CDB
7.2.1.2
Local Roles in a PDB
7.2.2
About Privilege and Role Grants in a CDB
7.2.2.1
Privileges and Roles Granted Commonly in a CDB
7.2.2.2
Privileges and Roles Granted Locally in a CDB
7.3
About Administrative Accounts and Privileges
7.3.1
SYS and SYSTEM Users
7.3.2
SYSDBA and SYSOPER System Privileges
7.4
Administering Roles
7.4.1
Viewing Roles
7.4.2
Example: Creating a Role
7.4.3
Example: Modifying a Role
7.4.4
Deleting a Role
7.5
Administering Database User Accounts
7.5.1
Viewing User Accounts
7.5.2
Example: Creating a User Account
7.5.3
Creating a New User Account by Duplicating an Existing User Account
7.5.4
Example: Granting Privileges and Roles to a User Account
7.5.5
Example: Assigning a Tablespace Quota to a User Account
7.5.6
Example: Modifying a User Account
7.5.7
Locking and Unlocking User Accounts
7.5.8
Expiring a User Password
7.5.9
Example: Deleting a User Account
7.6
Setting the Database Password Policy
7.6.1
About Password Policies
7.6.2
Modifying the Default Password Policy
7.7
Users: Oracle by Example Series
8
Managing Schema Objects
8.1
About Schema Objects
8.2
About Schema Object Management Privileges
8.3
About SQL Developer
8.3.1
Installing and Starting SQL Developer
8.3.2
Understanding the SQL Developer User Interface
8.3.3
Creating a Database Connection Using SQL Developer
8.4
Managing Tables
8.4.1
About Tables
8.4.1.1
About Table Types
8.4.1.2
About Table Column Attributes
8.4.1.2.1
Data Type
8.4.1.2.2
NOT NULL Column Constraint
8.4.1.2.3
Default Value
8.4.1.2.4
Encryption
8.4.1.3
About Table-Level Constraints
8.4.1.4
Other Table Creation Considerations
8.4.1.4.1
User-Defined Types and Large Objects (LOBs)
8.4.1.4.2
Partitioned Tables and Indexes
8.4.1.4.3
Physical Storage Attributes
8.4.1.4.4
Compressed Tables
8.4.2
Viewing Tables
8.4.3
Viewing Table Data
8.4.4
Example: Creating a Table
8.4.5
Modifying Table Attributes
8.4.5.1
Example: Adding Table Columns
8.4.5.2
Example: Deleting a Table Column
8.4.5.3
Example: Adding a New Table Constraint
8.4.5.4
Example: Modifying an Existing Table Constraint
8.4.5.5
Example: Deleting a Table Constraint
8.4.6
Example: Loading Data into a Table
8.4.7
Deleting a Table
8.5
Managing Indexes
8.5.1
About Indexes
8.5.1.1
Indexes and Performance
8.5.1.2
Index Attributes
8.5.2
Viewing Indexes
8.5.3
Example: Creating an Index
8.5.4
Example: Deleting an Index
8.6
Managing Views
8.6.1
About Views
8.6.2
Displaying Views
8.6.3
Example: Creating a View
8.6.4
Example: Deleting a View
8.7
Managing Program Code Stored in the Database
8.7.1
About Program Code Stored in the Database
8.7.2
Validating (Compiling) Invalid Schema Objects
8.8
Working with Other Schema Objects
8.9
Schemas: Oracle by Example Series
9
Performing Backup and Recovery
9.1
Overview of Database Backup and Recovery
9.1.1
Overview of Backing Up and Recovering CDBs and PDBs
9.1.1.1
Backup and Recovery of CDBs
9.1.1.2
Backup and Recovery of PDBs
9.2
Database Backup and Recovery Concepts
9.2.1
ARCHIVELOG and NOARCHIVELOG Mode
9.2.2
RMAN Repository
9.2.3
Image Copies and Backup Sets
9.2.4
Full Backups and Incremental Backups
9.2.5
Consistent and Inconsistent Backups
9.2.6
Media Recovery
9.2.7
Fast Recovery Area
9.3
Configuring Your Database for Basic Backup and Recovery
9.3.1
Planning Space Usage and Location for the Fast Recovery Area
9.3.1.1
About the Backup Retention Policy and the Fast Recovery Area
9.3.1.2
About the Fast Recovery Area Size
9.3.2
Configuring Users to Perform Backup and Recovery
9.3.2.1
Credentials Required to Perform Backup and Recovery
9.3.2.2
Granting the SYSBACKUP Privilege
9.3.3
Connecting to the Target Database Using RMAN
9.3.4
Configuring Recovery Settings
9.3.4.1
Configuring the Fast Recovery Area
9.3.4.2
Enabling Archiving of Redo Log Files
9.3.4.3
Enabling Flashback Database
9.3.5
Configuring Backup Settings
9.3.5.1
Configuring Backup Device Settings
9.3.5.2
Configuring Backup Policy Settings
9.3.5.3
Configuring Automatic Backups for the Control File and Server Parameter File
9.3.5.4
Enabling Block Change Tracking
9.4
Backing Up Your Database
9.4.1
Additional Backup Concepts
9.4.1.1
Incrementally Updated Backups: Rolling Forward Image Copies of Data Files
9.4.1.2
Backup Tags
9.4.2
Performing and Scheduling Backups Using RMAN
9.4.2.1
Performing a Whole Database Backup
9.4.2.2
Using the Oracle Suggested Backup Strategy
9.4.2.2.1
About the Oracle Suggested Backup Strategy
9.4.2.2.2
Task 1 - Preparing to Use the Oracle Suggested Backup Strategy
9.4.2.2.3
Task 2 - Creating the Backup Script—UNIX and Linux
9.4.2.2.4
Task 3 - Testing the Backup Script
9.4.2.2.5
Task 4 - Scheduling the Daily Backup—UNIX and Linux
9.4.2.3
About the Oracle Suggested Backup Strategy and Retention
9.4.2.4
Scheduling Miscellaneous Backup Tasks
9.4.3
Displaying Backups Stored in the RMAN Repository
9.4.4
Validating Backups and Testing Your Backup Strategy
9.4.4.1
Validating Selected Backups
9.4.4.2
Validating Backups for Restore Operations
9.5
Displaying Backup Reports
9.6
Managing Backups
9.6.1
About Backup Management
9.6.2
Cross-Checking Backups
9.6.3
Deleting Expired Backups
9.6.4
Marking Backups as Available or Unavailable
9.6.5
Deleting Obsolete Backups
9.6.6
Monitoring Fast Recovery Area Space Usage
9.7
Performing Oracle Advised Recovery
9.7.1
About Data Recovery Advisor
9.7.2
Using Data Recovery Advisor
9.8
Performing User-Directed Recovery
9.8.1
Rewinding a Table Using Oracle Flashback Table
9.8.1.1
Enabling Row Movement on a Table
9.8.1.2
Performing a Flashback Table Operation
9.8.2
Recovering a Dropped Table Using Oracle Flashback Drop
9.8.2.1
Dropping a Table
9.8.2.2
Retrieving a Dropped Table
9.8.3
Rewinding a Database Using Oracle Flashback Database
9.8.4
Restoring and Recovering the Database
9.9
Backup and Recovery: Oracle By Example Series
10
Monitoring and Tuning the Database
10.1
Proactive Database Monitoring
10.1.1
Monitoring General Database State and Workload
10.1.2
Monitoring Performance Using the Performance Hub
10.1.2.1
Specifying the Time Period for Which to Display Statistics
10.1.3
Performance Self-Diagnostics: Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor
10.2
Diagnosing Performance Problems Using ADDM
10.2.1
Viewing a Summary of ADDM Performance Findings
10.2.2
Responding to ADDM Performance Findings
10.2.3
Viewing a Summary of Real-Time ADDM Findings
10.2.4
Responding to Real-Time ADDM Findings
10.2.5
Viewing a Summary of Current ADDM Findings
10.2.6
Responding to Current ADDM Findings
10.3
Using Advisors to Optimize Database Performance
10.3.1
About Advisors
10.3.2
About the SQL Tuning Advisor
10.3.3
About the Automatic SQL Tuning Advisor
10.3.4
Configuring the Automatic SQL Tuning Advisor
10.3.5
Viewing Automatic SQL Tuning Results
10.3.6
Running the SQL Tuning Advisor
10.3.7
Optimizing Memory Usage with the Memory Advisors
10.3.7.1
About the Memory Advisors
10.4
Monitoring and Tuning: Oracle by Example Series
11
Managing PDBs with EM Express
11.1
Getting Started With Managing PDBs Using EM Express
11.2
Overview of CDBs and PDBs
11.3
Accessing the Containers Page in EM Express
11.4
Modifying Resource Plans for a PDB Using EM Express
11.4.1
Using Resource Manager to Create CDB and PDB Resource Plans
11.4.2
Using EM Express to Modify a CDB Resource Plan
11.4.3
Using EM Express to Set Resource Limits for a PDB
11.5
Setting Storage Limits for a PDB Using EM Express
11.6
Configuring Oracle Managed Files for a CDB Using EM Express
11.7
Provisioning a PDB Using EM Express
11.7.1
Creating a New PDB from the Seed Using EM Express
11.7.2
Creating a PDB by Cloning a PDB in the Same CDB Using EM Express
11.7.3
Creating a PDB by Cloning a PDB from a Remote CDB Using EM Express
11.7.4
Plugging in an Unplugged PDB Using EM Express
11.8
Removing PDBs Using EM Express
11.8.1
Unplugging a PDB Using EM Express
11.8.2
Dropping a PDB Using EM Express
11.9
Opening PDBs Using EM Express
11.9.1
Opening a PDB Using EM Express
11.9.2
Opening All the PDBs in a CDB Using EM Express
11.10
Closing PDBs Using EM Express
11.10.1
Closing a PDB Using EM Express
11.10.2
Closing All the PDBs in a CDB Using EM Express
12
Managing Oracle Database Software
12.1
About Software Management and Patch Releases
12.2
Upgrading a Database
12.2.1
Overview of Database Upgrade Assistant
12.2.2
Database Releases Supported by DBUA
12.2.3
Upgrade Scenarios for Oracle Database
12.2.4
Starting DBUA
12.2.5
Upgrading a Database Using DBUA
12.2.6
Upgrading a PDB
12.3
Removing Oracle Database Software
12.4
Managing Oracle Software: Oracle by Example Series
Index
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